Blood Parasites in Bearded Dragons

Bearded dragons are popular pet lizards because of their distinctive look and pleasant demeanor. Bearded dragons, like any other animal, are subject to a variety of health issues. Blood parasites are one of the most prevalent health concerns that bearded dragons experience. This page will go through the many types of blood parasites that may infect bearded dragons, as well as their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

Related: External Parasites in Bearded Dragons: Types, Cause, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention

Types of Blood Parasites in Bearded Dragons

There are several types of blood parasites that can infect bearded dragons, including:

1. Hemogregarines – Hemogregarines are blood parasites that belong to the Apicomplexa phylum. These parasites infect reptiles’ red blood cells, especially bearded dragons. Hemogregarines are spread through the biting of infected ticks or mites.

2. Haemoproteus – Haemoproteus is a genus of blood parasites that infect birds and reptiles, including bearded dragons. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes or black flies.

3. Leucocytozoon – Leucocytozoon is a genus of blood parasites that infect birds, reptiles, and mammals. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.

4. Trypanosoma – Trypanosoma is a genus of blood parasites that infect humans, animals, and insects. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected tsetse flies or other biting insects.

5. Plasmodium – Plasmodium is a genus of blood parasites that infect humans, birds, and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.

6. Babesia – Babesia is a genus of blood parasites that infect mammals and reptiles, including humans and dogs. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected ticks.

7. Anaplasma – Anaplasma is a genus of bacteria that infect mammals and reptiles, including humans and dogs. These bacteria are transmitted by the bite of infected ticks.

8. Ehrlichia – Ehrlichia is a genus of bacteria that infect mammals and reptiles, including humans and dogs. These bacteria are transmitted by the bite of infected ticks.

9. Hepatozoon – Hepatozoon is a genus of blood parasites that infect reptiles, birds, and mammals. These parasites are transmitted by the ingestion of infected ticks or the bite of infected mosquitoes.

10. Theileria – Theileria is a genus of blood parasites that infect mammals and reptiles, including cattle and sheep. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected ticks.

11. Dirofilaria – Dirofilaria is a genus of blood parasites that infect dogs and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.

12. Acanthocheilonema – Acanthocheilonema is a genus of blood parasites that infect dogs and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.

13. Rickettsia – Rickettsia is a genus of bacteria that infect mammals and reptiles, including humans and dogs. These bacteria are transmitted by the bite of infected ticks or fleas.

14. Bartonella – Bartonella is a genus of bacteria that infect mammals and reptiles, including humans and cats. These bacteria are transmitted by the bite of infected fleas or ticks.

15. Cytauxzoon – Cytauxzoon is a genus of blood parasites that infect cats and other felids. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected ticks.

16. Hemobartonella – Hemobartonella is a genus of bacteria that infect cats and other mammals and reptiles. These bacteria are transmitted by the bite of infected fleas.

17. Hemococcidium – Hemococcidium is a genus of blood parasites that infect reptiles, including bearded dragons. These parasites are transmitted by the ingestion of infected ticks or the bite of infected mosquitoes.

18. Hemolivia – Hemolivia is a genus of blood parasites that infect reptiles, including bearded dragons. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected ticks or mites.

19. Lankesterella – Lankesterella is a genus of blood parasites that infect reptiles, including bearded dragons. These parasites are transmitted by the ingestion of infected arthropods.

20. Karyolysus – Karyolysus is a genus of blood parasites that infect reptiles, including bearded dragons. These parasites are transmitted by the ingestion of infected ticks or mites.

21. Microfilaria – Microfilaria is a genus of blood parasites that infect dogs, cats, and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes or other biting insects.

22. Onchocerca – Onchocerca is a genus of blood parasites that infect dogs, cats, and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected black flies.

23. Thelazia – Thelazia is a genus of blood parasites that infect dogs, cats, and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected flies.

24. Leishmania – Leishmania is a genus of blood parasites that infect humans, dogs, and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of infected sandflies.

25. Schistosoma – Schistosoma is a genus of blood parasites that infect humans and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by contact with infected freshwater snails.

26. Fasciola – Fasciola is a genus of blood parasites that infect humans, cattle, and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the ingestion of infected freshwater plants.

27. Dicrocoelium – Dicrocoelium is a genus of blood parasites that infect cattle, sheep, and other mammals and reptiles. These parasites are transmitted by the ingestion of infected snails or ants.

Cause of Blood Parasites in Bearded Dragons

Blood parasites in bearded dragons can have various causes. Some of the most common causes include:

1. Poor husbandry – Poor husbandry practices, such as improper diet, inadequate living conditions, and lack of hygiene, can weaken a bearded dragon’s immune system, making it more susceptible to blood parasites.

2. Stress – Bearded dragons that are subjected to chronic stress, such as from overcrowding, constant handling, or loud noises, may have weakened immune systems, making them more vulnerable to blood parasites.

3. Exposure to infected animals – Bearded dragons that are housed or cohabitate with other reptiles that are infected with blood parasites are at increased risk of infection.

4. Exposure to infected insects – Bearded dragons that are fed insects that are infected with blood parasites, such as ticks or mites, can become infected.

5. Contaminated environments – Bearded dragons that are kept in contaminated environments, such as those with high levels of fecal matter or other waste, can become infected with blood parasites.

6. Immune system disorders – Bearded dragons with underlying immune system disorders, such as immunodeficiency or autoimmune diseases, may be more susceptible to blood parasites.

7. Genetic predisposition – Some bearded dragons may be genetically predisposed to certain blood parasites, making them more likely to become infected.

Symptoms of Blood Parasites in Bearded Dragons

The symptoms of blood parasites in bearded dragons can vary depending on the type of parasite and the severity of the infection. Some common symptoms include:

• Lethargy and weakness
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Pale gums
• Swollen joints
• Dehydration
• Anemia
• Jaundice

Diagnosis of Blood Parasites in Bearded Dragons

Blood parasites in bearded dragons are often diagnosed using a mix of procedures, including physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging investigations. The following are some of the most often-used diagnostic procedures for identifying blood parasites in bearded dragons:

• Physical examination: A veterinarian will perform a thorough physical examination of the bearded dragon to look for signs of infection, such as lethargy, weight loss, anemia, or unusual behavior.

• Blood tests: Blood tests are helpful in detecting the presence of blood parasites and can provide information about the severity of the infection. Common blood tests include complete blood count (CBC), blood smears, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests.

• Fecal tests: Fecal tests can detect parasites in the bearded dragon’s feces and can help identify the specific type of parasite present.

• Imaging studies: Imaging studies such as radiographs (x-rays) or ultrasound may be used to detect changes in the bearded dragon’s organs or tissues that may be associated with blood parasite infections.

• Biopsy: In some cases, a tissue biopsy may be necessary to diagnose blood parasite infections, especially if other diagnostic methods have not provided conclusive results.

It is important to highlight that some blood parasites may be undetectable by standard diagnostic testing. As a result, in order to provide an accurate diagnosis, a veterinarian may need to apply a variety of diagnostic tools.

Treatment of Blood Parasites in Bearded Dragons

The treatment of blood parasites in bearded dragons depends on the type of parasite and the severity of the infection. In general, the following treatments may be recommended:

• Antiparasitic medications: Blood parasite infections in bearded dragons are frequently treated with antiparasitic drugs such as ivermectin, fenbendazole, and metronidazole. Depending on the parasite, these drugs may be administered orally, topically, or by injection.

• Supportive care: Fluid treatment and nutritional assistance may be required for bearded dragons with blood parasite infections. This can assist to strengthen their general health and immune system, making it simpler for them to combat the illness.

• Blood transfusions: Blood transfusions may be required in extreme cases of blood parasite infections to restore lost blood cells and improve the bearded dragon’s health.

It is vital to highlight that some blood parasites are difficult to cure, and total eradication may be impossible. Regular veterinary check-ups and preventative treatments, including correct husbandry practices and parasite management, are therefore essential for treating blood parasite infections in bearded dragons.

Prevention of Blood Parasites in Bearded Dragons

The best strategy to keep blood parasites at bay in bearded dragons is to keep them away from ticks, mites, mosquitoes, and black flies. This may be accomplished by keeping their cage clean and debris-free, providing enough lighting and temperature, and employing insect repellents or screens. It is also critical to get your bearded dragon evaluated by a veterinarian on a regular basis in order to detect any potential health concerns early on.

Conclusion

Finally, blood parasites are a common health issue for bearded dragons. These reptiles may be infected by a variety of blood parasites, including haemogregarines, Trypanosoma, and Plasmodium. These parasites can produce a variety of symptoms such as anemia, tiredness, and weight loss, and they can be difficult to detect and cure.

Blood parasite infections in bearded dragons, on the other hand, may be efficiently treated with good veterinarian treatment and husbandry practices. Regular check-ups, preventative measures, and timely treatment may benefit these interesting reptiles’ general health and well-being and guarantee they live long healthy lives.